ଗବେଷଣା

1. ପରବର୍ତ୍ତୀ ପଦକ୍ଷେପ · ୨୦୨୬–୨୭

   Energy-momentum tensor of spin-1 mesons

   କଠିନତା 3 / 5

   The full set of gravitational form factors of the ρ meson and of heavy vector mesons (J/ψ, Υ) in the light-front quark model — including the D-term — and from them the pressure, shear-force and energy distributions, the mechanical radius and the quadrupole deformation of a spin-1 hadron.

   କାହିଁକି କଠିନ: A spin-1 hadron has six gravitational form factors instead of two, some only reachable from 'bad' current components, and the mechanical picture of a tensor-polarized state is still being worked out.

   Pion and kaon imaging at the EIC and EicC

   କଠିନତା 2 / 5

   Sullivan-process projections for pion and kaon PDFs, GPDs and TMDs with realistic kinematics and uncertainties, so that light-front predictions can be tested directly against the first electron-ion collider data.

   କାହିଁକି କଠିନ: The meson target is virtual: separating the pion-pole contribution from background needs careful control of off-shell effects and the leading-neutron flux.

2. ମଧ୍ୟମ ଅବଧି · ୨୦୨୭–୨୯

   First-principles light-front quark model for the pion

   କଠିନତା 5 / 5

   Replace the phenomenological Gaussian wave function with the solution of a light-front Hamiltonian eigenvalue problem — confinement, one-gluon exchange and a chiral-symmetry-breaking interaction — with parameters fixed by the meson spectrum, then predict the pion's PDFs, GPDs, TMDs and form factors with no fitting.

   କାହିଁକି କଠିନ: The pion is the Goldstone boson of chiral symmetry: getting a nearly massless bound state from massive constituents on the light front, with zero modes and renormalisation under control, is one of the long-standing open problems of the formalism.

   Gluons in mesons and the origin of mass

   କଠିନତା 4 / 5

   Gluon GPDs and gluon gravitational form factors of the pion and kaon, and a decomposition of their mass into quark, gluon and trace-anomaly contributions — connected to J/ψ threshold photoproduction at JLab and the EIC.

   କାହିଁକି କଠିନ: Gluons are invisible to the photon at leading order, and the trace-anomaly term is scheme dependent — the decomposition has to be defined carefully before it can be computed.

3. କଠିନ ଖୋଲା ସମସ୍ୟା

   Data-driven 3D tomography with machine learning

   କଠିନତା 4 / 5

   A global extraction of pion GPDs that combines lattice QCD, form-factor and Drell–Yan data with neural networks, with honest uncertainties — building on our deep-neural-network GPD extraction.

   କାହିଁକି କଠିନ: GPDs are not measured directly: the inverse problem from observables to three-dimensional distributions is ill-posed, so the physics constraints (polynomiality, positivity) must be built into the network itself.

   Hadrons under pressure in dense matter

   କଠିନତା 4 / 5

   How the internal pressure and shear of mesons change inside nuclear matter and at neutron-star densities — the energy-momentum tensor of a hadron in a medium, extending our nuclear-medium TMD and GPD work.

   କାହିଁକି କଠିନ: In a medium Lorentz symmetry is broken, so the vacuum decomposition of the energy-momentum tensor no longer holds and new form factors appear.

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